Calculating-machine.



W. R. HEINITZ.

CALCULATING momma.

APPLIOATION I'ILED JAILIO, 1910.-

Patented Mar. 12, 1 912.

a sums-sham 1.

..N W MN W. R. HEINITZ.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED .TAN.10, 1910.

Patented Ma r.12,1912.

s SHEEN-SHEET 2.

- W. R. HEINITZ.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 51mm, 1910.

1,020,200, Patented Mar. 12, 1912.

' a sums-$32M s.

j i g.

UNlTED STATES PATENT ()FFIOE.

WOLDEMAR REINHOLD HEINITZ, OF CI'IEMNITZ, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRMOF SCHUBERT & sALzER- MASCHINENFABBIK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF CHEMNITZ,

GERMANY.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 12, 1912.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WVOLDEMAR RnrNnoLD HEINrrz, a citizen of the GermanEmpire, residing at Chemnitz, in the State of Saxony, in the GermanEmpire, have invented certain new and useful ImprovementsinCalculating-h lachines; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such. as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

My invention relates to improvements in calculating machines which areparticularly designed for performing additions and sub tract-ions, butwhich may also be used for performing other calculations.

The improvements are particularly de' signed for embodiment incalculating machines of that class in which the values are transmittedto the registering mechanism by means of shiftable toothed racks,chains, or the like. And one of the objects of the improvements is toprovide a machine of this class in which the setting elements may eitherbe separately retracted into their normal positions, or simultaneouslyand after setting thereon the whole number to be registered, so that thesaid number can be examined by the operator.

A further object of the improvements is to provide locking means for thenumeral wheels which are automatically thrown into action, as soon asthe previously locked set: ting elements are retracted into their zeroor normal positions, so that a second registration by the settingelements caused by the recoil of the latter is avoided. And finally myinvention consists in so constructing the resetting mechanism, that thelatter must be regularly operated before further calculations can beperformed.

For the purpose of explaining the invention an example embodying thesame has been shown in the accompanying drawings in which the sameletters of references have been used in all the views to indicatecorresponding parts.

In said drawingsFigure 1, is a side view partly in section of themachine showing the elements of the calculating mechanism in theposition in which a number has been registered on the numeral wheels,the setting elements being in their locked positions, Fig. 2, 1s aslmilar side view partly in section of the machine the setting elementsbeing shown in their unlocked positions and after having returned totheir Zero or normal positions, Fig. 3, is a similar side view partly insec tion, the elements of the calculating mechanism being shown in theposition for performing multiplications. Fig. 4, is a top view of themachine with the cover removed, the elements of the calculatingmechanism being shown in their zero or normal positions, Fig. 5, is asimilar top view of the machine with the cover in its position, some ofthe setting elements of the calculating mechanism being shown in theirZero positions and others in their set posit-ions, Fig. 6, is a sideview of the machine, partly in section and illustrating the mechanismfor enforcing a resetting of the machine after each operation, the saidmechanism being shown in its inoperative position, Fig. '7, is a similarside view showing the mechanism shown in Fig. 6 in its operativeposition, and Figs. 8 to 10, are side views of a detail of the machine,and illustrating the resetting mechanism.

Referring to the example illustrated in the drawings, the calculatingmechanism is inclosed within a casing 1 the open top of which is abouthalf closed by a cover or lid i The latter is provided with a transverseslit 3 which is preferably covered by a plate of transparent material.Within the casing and cover the whole breadth of the same longitudinallyslidable setting racks 45 are located one beside the other. At theirupper sides the said racks are formed with nine ratchet teeth 4;successively provided with numerical characters from 1 to 9 The teeth 4are located within the uncovered part of the casing. At the parts whichextend below the cover of the casing the said racks are formed at theirunder sides with nine ratchet teeth 5 which are similar in construc tionto the teeth 4. The racks are connected to springs 6 which with theiropposite ends are secured to the upper part of the transverse front wall7 of the casing 1, so that the racks bear with their forward endsagainst the wall 7. Below the slit 3 a shaft 8 is located upon which aplurality of numeral wheels 9 are loosely located which are constructedin the form of ratchet disks. The ratchet teeth of said wheels areprovided with the numerical characters from 1 to 9 and the 0 sign. Atthe rear of the shaft 8 there is a transverse shaft 10 carrying pawls 11one for each of the wheels 9. Springs 12 hav e the tendency to force thesaid pawls into engagement with the ratchet teeth of the disks 9.

Extending transversely of the machine a shaft '13 is mounted in the sidewalls of the casing which provides a support for a plurality of pawls 14extending to a part of the casing above the racks 45. Springs 16 havethe tendency to force laterally projecting fingers 1.3 of the said pawlsinto engagement with the ratchet teeth. 4. Near the shaft 13 atransverse shaft 17 is located which at its end projecting outside thecasing has a lever 18 secured thereto. Within the casing levers 19 aresecured to the shaft 17 and the number of the said levers corresponds tothat of the racks 45 and pawls 14. Below the lever 18 a second lever 20is located the hub of which is formed with a nose 21. The lever 20 hasthe function to limit the downward rocking movement of the lever 18. Theupward. rocking movement is limited by a pin 22 providing an abutmentfor the said lever.

Between the shafts 8 and 17 a U-shaped slide is located. within thecasing. The cross bar 23 of the side slide extends in front of theratchet disks 9, and its side members 24 are located in suitableguideways formed on the side walls of the casing 1, and they extend intothe path of lugs 25 secured to or integral with the shaft 17.

At one of its ends the shaft 8 extends through the side wall of thecasing 1 and to the outside of the same, and it provided at this endwith a laterally movable nut 26 whereby it may be turned. From the saidnut a pin 27 projects laterally which engages on a cam face 28 providinga support for the same. The said cam is sloping in one direction towardthe wall of the casing, and at its opposite end it provides an abutmentfor the pin 27.

Outside the casing 1 a disk 30 is keyed to the shaft 8 which is formedwith a notch 29. To a shaft 31 a rocker 32 is secured the nose of whichis normally in engagement with the notch 29. Within the casing and adj acent to the ratchet teeth the shaft 31 is provided with a plurality ofpawls 34 hav ing springs 35 secured thereto. The ends of the saidsprings project below a bridge 36. hile the nose 33 of the rocker 32engages in the notch 29, the pawls 34 are out of the path of the ratchetteeth 5.

The numeral wheels 9 are formed with annular grooves and within the saidgrooves spring actuated pawls 37 are located. Be-

tween the numeral wheels, disks 38 are sit uated which are formed withnoses 39. The disks take part in the rotation of the shaft 8.

F or moving the racks 45 any edged or pointed tool 40, such for exampleas a pencil, may be used. Preferably a suitably shaped pin, sleeve, orthe like is supplied with. the machine.

The operation of the machine is as follows: Figs. 1 and 2 show the partsin the position in. which additions are being performed. In my improvedmachine means are provided whereby the racks are locked in their setpositions, so that when adding numbers of a plurality of figures thenumber set on. the racks can be examined before the setting elements areretracted into their zero positions. In the position of the lever 20shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which the nose 21 is directed upward, thedownward rocking movement of the lever 18 is limited by the said nose.If now a pencil 40 or the like is set in engagement with the ratchettooth 4 representing the number to be set, and shifted until it isarrested by the cover 2, the pawls 1.4 are rocked by the ratchet teeth4. Vhen the rack has thus been shifted and the pencil is removed, thepawl remains in engagement with the tooth which has now arrived inposition below the same, because the ratchet teeth are formed withabrupt front faces, and the pawl is held in engagement with the saidtooth by the spring 12. The spring 6 of the rack is held under tension.Vhile the rack is thus being shifted, the lower ratchet teeth 5 engagein the ratchet teeth of the numeral wheel 9, whereby the latter isturned so many units as correspond to the desired number. In thesameway, all the figures of a number desired to be registered are set onthe racks 45, and at the end of such setting operation the whole numberappears in front of the margin of the cover 2, so that it can beexamined, as appears from Fig. 5,

where the number 3645 has been set. As shown in Fig. 1, in this positionof the lever 18 the lugs are out of the path of the side members 24 ofthe slide, so that the cross bar 23 of the latter does not interferewith the movement of the wheels 9. In order to reset the settingelements into their normal positions, the lever 18 is pressed upon, soas to rock the same into the position shown in Fig. 2. By the saidmovement the arms 19 rock the levers 14 upward and lift the fingers 15out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 4, so that the springs 6 canretract the racks into theirnorma] positions. The levers 14 are underthe influence of the springs 16. When therefore the lever 18 isreleased, the said springs rock the arms 19 downward and thereby movethe lever 18 into its normal position shown in Fig. 1, so that whensetting the next number the racks are first locked and afterwardreleased by means of the said lever.

Particularly when setting numbers of high values which cause the springs6 to be considerably extended, the racks are thrown by the said springsagainst the transverse wall of the casing with considerable force, andthey are sometimes thrown backward by their recoil to such an extent,that the ratchet teeth act on the cooperating numeral wheel 9 a secondtime. To render this impossible, the following means are pro vided. Assoon as the lever 18 arrives in the position shown in Fig. 2 in whichthe racks are about to be released, the noses 25 are rocked in front ofthe ends of the lateral members of the slide and force the cross bar 23into engagement with the teeth of the wheels 9. Thereby the said wheelsare locked, so that they can not be shifted when again engaged by theratchet teeth 5. Therefore the recoil of the racks 45 causes nodisplacement of the numeral wheels 9. When performing additions all theracks 45 which have previously been set are retracted into their zeropositions when the lever 18 is depressed. As soon as the lever 18 isreleased and rocked into its elevated position, the finger of thelocking pawl 14 for the setting elements is again in operative position,and the slide 23, 24 is again released, so that the wheels'9 can be set.Obviously it is immaterial whether the stroke of the slide is limiteddirectly or indirectly by levers. But it is of importance, that thewheels 9 are locked when the racks are thrown against the front wall ofthe casing.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the parts in the positions for performingmultiplications. As shown the lever is turnedat an angle of about 180degrees. Thereby the lever 18 can be rocked at a larger angle, and itcan therefore be set in the position shown in which the arms 19 provideabutments for the levers 14 to prevent the latter from being retractedby the springs 16. Thereby the fingers 15 of the pawls 14 are rocked outof engagement with the ratchet teeth 4, so that the racks 45 have anunobstructed reciprocating movement. As in performing multiplicationseach number must usually be set set eral times in a single calculation,the locking and releasing operations would cause an objectionable delay.However, it is not of importance to examine each number set by the racks40. The calculation is performed in such a way, that when performing forexample the calculation 34 9568 the figure 8 is first set four times onthe first rack 45 from the right, thereupon the decimal G on the secondrack, etc., whereupon the same figures are set three times on the racks45 beginning with the rack representing the decimals, that is the secondrack from the right. \Vhen in performing a multiplication a number isset, the pencil 41 remains in engagement with its tooth 4 to enable thesetting operation to be easily repeated, as required. Thereby thesetting racks are also held by the pencil when being retracted by thesprings 6, so that they can not be thrown backward by recoil and therebycause erroneous calculations. By rocking the lever 18 in the mannerdescribed the lugs 25 are rocked out of the path of the slide members24, and they are located above the said members.

In order to reset the numeral wheels 9 at the end of a calculation theshaft 8 is turned by its nut 26. As the pin 27 rests within the notch28, the nut 26 must first be shifted laterally, whereupon the shaft canbe rotated until the pin 27 strikes against the abutment 44 provided atthe end of the cam face 28. By such rotation the numeral wheels whichare not in their zero positions are carried along by the noses 39 of thedisks 38, because the said noses engage at the rear of the pawls 37.

In Fig. 8 I have shown the parts in their zero positions. Upon rotationof a numeral wheel the pawl 37 is rocked by the cooperating nose 39. Ifthe shaft 8 is afterward rotated together with the disk 38, the noses 39carry along the pawls 37 and through the latter the numeral wheels,until the rotation is completed by the pin 27 striking against itsabutment 44. In order to efiect a new resetting operation at the end ofa calculation, the shaft 8 must be turned backward, until the pin 27falls into the notch 28. Thereby the nose 39 is moved into its normalposition.

In order to render a second calculating operation impossible beforefirst resetting the machine, I provide mechanism as follows: hen theshaft 8 is in its correct position, that is, when the pin 27 engages inthe notch 28, the nose 33 of the rocker 32 engages in the notch 29 ofthe disk 30. In this position of the parts the noses 34 are out of thepaths of the ratchet teeth 5. If for the purpose of resetting thenumeral wheels, the shaft 8 is rotated, the disk 30 is carried along, sothat the nose 33 is forced out of the notch 29. Thereby the pawls 34 arefree to engage the ratchet teeth When after turning the shaft 8 into theposition in which the pin 27 strikes against the abutment 44, theoperator should forget to turn the shaft backward, the racks can not beshifted. Thereby the attention of the operator is called to the factthat he has omitted to turn the shaft 8 backward. After the pin 27 hasfallen into the notch 28 the nose 33 of the rocker 32 engages again inthe notch 29, so that the pawls 34 are again retracted out of the pathof the ratchet teeth 5, and the racks 45 can be shifted longitudinally.

The springs 35 secured to the pawls 34 are set under tension when therocker 32 is rocked out of engagement with the notch 29, so that theycan afterward push the said rocker into its normal position.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of automatic means to lock the setting elementsin set position, and hand actuated means adapted upon operation by thehand of the operator to throw said locking means out of operation.

9'. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of spring actuated members adapted to lock thesetting elements in set position, a rock shaft, arms on said rock shaftadapted to throw said members out of locking position, and a hand piecesecured to said rock shaft and adapted when operated by the hand of theoperator to rock said rock shaft and arms into position for throwing thelocking members out of locking position.

3. In a calculating machine, the combina tion with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of automatic means to lock the setting elementsin set position, and means adapted to be operated before setting saidsetting elements to lock said locking means in inoperative position.

4. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of automatic means to lock the setting elementsin set position, means to throw said locking means out of operation, andnormally inoperative means to lock said throwing means in operativeposition.

In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements, andregistering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operation ofthe setting elements, of rocking levers one for each of said settingelements adapted to lock said setting elements in set position, means tonormally hold said levers in looking position, and means adapted to beoperated before setting said setting elements set to said rocking leversin non-locking position.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of rocking levers one for each of said settingelements adapted to lock said setting elehold said levers in lockingposition, a rock shaft, and cams on said rock shaft adapted when rockingsaid shaft to throw said lock ing levers in non-locking position.

7. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of rocking levers one for each of said settingelements adapted to lock said setting elements in set position, means tonormally hold said levers in looking position, a rock shaft having tworocked positions, cams on said rock shaft adapted when rocking said rockshaft to throw said looking levers into inoperative position, and meansoperative when said rock shaft has been rocked into one of its rockedpositions to lock the rock shaft.

8. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, of rocking levers one for each of said settingelements adapted to lock said setting elements in set position, means tonormally hold said. levers in locking position, a rock shaft provided.with a handle, a rocking lever having a cam shaped hub adapted to stopsaid handle in different positions, cams on said rock shaft adapted whenrocking said shaft to throw said looking levers out of operation, andmeans operative when the rock shaft has been rocked into one of itsrocked positions to lock the rock shaft.

9. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and the registering elements adapted to be operated by the settingoperation of the setting elements, of locking means for the registeringelements and means to throw said locking means into locking position. Y

10. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and the registering elements adapted to be operated by the settingoperation of the setting elements, of locking means for the settingelements, means to throw said locking means out of operation, lockingmeans for the registering elements, andv automatic means to throw saidlocking means for the registering elements into locking position uponthe release of the locking means of the setting elements.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination with the setting elements,and the registering elements adapted to be operated by the settingoperation of the setting elements, of locking means for the set-tingelements, a slide adapted to be shifted into locking engagement withsaid registering elements, a rock shaft, and simultaneously ments in setposition, means to normally I acting means on said. rock shaft to throwsaid locking means for the setting elements out of operation and toshift said slide into locking position.

12. In a calculating machine the combination With the setting elements,the registering elements adapted to be operated by the setting operationof the setting elements, and resetting mechanism for said registeringelements, of normally inoperative locking means adapted to prevent theoperation of said setting elements, and means actuated by andinoperative at the end of the resetting operation to render said lockingmeans operative.

13. In a calculating machine the combination with the setting elements,and the registering elements adapted to be operated by the settingoperation of the setting elements, of normally inoperative locking meansadapted to prevent the operation of said setting elements, a reset-tingshaft carrying said registering elements, resetting devices on saidshaft operated by rotation of said shaft, a disk secured to said shaftand having a notch at its circumference, a rocker engaging said notch inthe normal position of said resetting shaft and adapted when rocked tothrow said locking means into locking position.

The foregoing specification signed at Chemnitz this 24th day of December1909.

WOLDEMAR REINHOLD HEINITZ.

In presence of- WVILLIAM J. KOUJETKNY,

W. W'. BRUNSWICK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

